Senin, 30 Januari 2012

Nonton Star Wars via Command Prompt



Alhamdulillah, kali ini Saya akan berbagi tentang nonton film star wars via command prompt. Emangnya bisa? Bisa dong. Mungkin saja trik ini sudah ada yang pernah mencoba. Namun, tidak ada salahnya jika Saya kembali mengulasnya pada sesi ini.
Yang dibutuhkan untuk nonton film star wars adalah:
1. Koneksi internet
2. Command prompt
3. Akses telnet
4. Kopi dan cemilan juga boleh. :)
Sebelum masuk ke command prompt (cmd), ada baiknya kita cek terlebih dahulu aktif tidaknya telnet dalam komputer kita. Saya mencoba trik ini di Windows 7. Perbedaan letak mungkin saja terjadi untuk versi window lainnya.
Untuk mengecek telnet lakukan:

Klik Start > Control Panel > Program And Feature > Klik Turn Windows Features on or off. Cek telnet for client dan klik OK.

Setelah telnet berhasil diaktifkan, lakukan langkah berikut ini:
1. Buka command prompt
2. Ketik: 'telnet' tanpa tanda petik dan enter.
3. Ketik: 'o' tanpa tanda petik (o artinya open) dan enter
4. ketik: 'towel.blinkenlights.nl' tanpa tanda petik; alamat web untuk nonton star wars.
5. Tinggal tonton deh. Selamat mencoba. Semoga tidak bosan. :)
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Minggu, 22 Januari 2012

There should be bike everywhere

Bicycle. Everyone knows it. Everyone rides it. But, nowadays some people start to forget about it, change their transportation with cars, motorcycles and other vehicles with machine inside. Some people think that bicycle is only for fun activities like cycling on Sunday morning and going out around their neighborhood and of course they ride it only in short distance. They don’t want to ride it as their daily transportation. Is bicycle still necessary? Before we answer this question, we must take a look at Mr. Akhlas, one of teachers in SMAN 1 Cirebon. He usually commutes to school with bicycle, although there are many means of transportation except bicycle. Maybe from this illustration, numerous adults are not too old to cycle. Bicycle also has minuses in it. However, if we see bicycle from other point of view, we can find benefits of bicycle. Really? Yes of course. Though commuting by bike makes us tired and takes much time, bicycle has good sides like it’s simple to be brought, the least expensive means of transportation, a good source of making the body healthy and the best alternative way to preserve the environment.
Bicycle is simple to be brought everywhere. Why do we say that? There are several reasons to answer this question. First, bicycle doesn’t need driving license. Everyone who drives a car or motorcycle must have driving license to be brought everywhere they go. If they don’t have or don’t bring driving license, they might be raid by police in every patrol, except they don’t do something wrong on the street, and of course they must pay some amount of money to get their driving license back or they can be put in jail. It is not simple. Compare with bicycle. Every time we want to go by bike, we only need safety tools like helmet, body protector and of course we don’t need driving license. So, we can ride bicycle freely and enjoy our trip happily. Second, bicycle can be ridden in every street condition: on the street, on the pavement, in the traffic jam. It is usual. If we ride on the street, how if there is traffic jam? There are several ways to solve that problem. We can ride bicycle in the space between a lot of cars or we can take a shortcut from alley or field. Maybe motorcycle can do that. But, motorcycle is usual to be ridden on-road. How about off-road like field? Maybe for several meters, it still survives. But at last, motorcycle doesn’t work well anymore. It only breaks the machine. So, it’s simple riding bicycle, right!
Another good side why we must ride bicycle is that bike commuting is the least expensive means of transportation. Add up what we spend getting to work everyday. Buying a bike is cheaper than using a mass transit and far cheaper than using a car. Bicycle commuting saves parking fees, fuel costs, and transit fees. A new bicycle and cycling gear would pay for itself in a few months. Seven to twelve bicycles can be parked in one automobile parking space. It saves parking fees; of course it saves the money. If people commute with bicycle, the parking area can be minimized. We can change it from a large area which full of cars into a small area which full of bicycles. The rest of the area can be built with the new building that can be productive. So, people can get benefit from it. For example, if the students of English course commute with bicycle, the management of the English course can build another building to get new income from that building. More over, every time we commute with bicycle, we don’t need fuel because bicycle doesn’t use machine. Compare with car, motorcycle or other transportation with machine. From the beginning, we pay to buy those transportations that can be bought more than 5 millions, then when the fuel is empty, we must pay Rp. 4500,- / liter, this is not including the insurances, tires, maintenance, license and so on.
Bicycle can also be a good source of making our body healthy. Everyone wants if they are healthy, everyday they are able to go to school or to work. Actually, the dream to stay healthy and fit everyday can come true with bicycle. In the United State, about 25% of population is obese. Obesity is a common problem but the effect is greater then its problem. Obesity can make the people who have this can not move easily and get some illnesses easily. Riding a bike helps us lose weight because it burns energy supplied by a chocolate bar, a couple of alcoholic drink in an hour and of course it burns fat. How about the man with a thin body? Does it burn his fat and become thinner? Of course not. If he exercises by riding bicycle, his body can be shaped because it can form the muscle of his body and of course it makes his body healthy. Another example is that bicycling exercises our brain by making us coordinate different actions and using balance. In the article, practicing balance can delay Alzheimer’s, one of brain disturbances. It means that riding our bicycle can keep our mind and our body active when we get old. Everyday, cycling promotes good health and reduces the risk of serious condition such as heart disease, high blood pressure, obesity and the most common form of diabetes. And when we are in a better shape, we will get sick less often.
Even though bicycle has good sides, it is still have a bad side. It is just like sugar. If there is sugar, there must be ants. The bad side of bicycle is that commuting by bike makes us tired. If we ride bicycle to the office or school near our house, it is not a problem. How if the school is far away from our house? It must be tiring if we commute by bicycle. In the office or in the school, we’ll lose our concentration to accept the subject or do our job because our body is tired after we ride bicycle. Maybe we only get several minutes to rest our body in break time. And then we must ride it to our house after we finish our business in our destination. So, we’ll be tired again. Another bad side is that commuting by bike takes much time. From our house to our destination, it must be the distances to get there, so it takes much time to get there. Most businessmen said that time is money. Less time, more money. If every businessmen rides bicycle to the meeting when the time is limited, maybe the meeting can be canceled and he / she doesn’t get anything. More time, less money.
Bicycle can be the best alternative way to preserve our environment. Our environment maybe has been destroyed. Our environment is not fresh again. There must be factory everywhere. But, it doesn’t mean we don’t have a chance to fix it. With bicycle, we can promote to our friends or many people worldwide to care and save our environment although, at first, we feel pessimistic; we can’t persuade people to follow our habit: to ride bicycle. There should be some efforts to save our ozone. Ozone layer is become thinner from year to year because of benzene, cyanide, lead, carbon monoxide, and CFC’s. Those substances can create global warming. If we ride bicycle, we will preserve our ozone; our environment. Bicycle doesn’t need fuel so it doesn’t cause pollution. Take a look at Mr. Andi Malarangeng, the secretary of our nation. To persuade people to preserve the environment, he creates good habit: riding bicycle to his office. He also joins one of bicycle club in Indonesia, Bike To Work. He wants to give example to other people to reduce pollution and save our environment with bicycle.
Even though riding bicycle has bad sides like making our body tired and taking much time to reach our destination, it has good sides too. We can get a lot of benefits from riding bicycle like its simplicity to be brought everywhere, the least expensive means of transportation, a good source of making our body healthy and the best alternative way to preserve the environment. It will be an exciting activity if we ride it everyday, know the time, and join bike club. It’s not wrong for us to ride bicycle. So, there should be bike everywhere, right!!!

(This essay is made for final presentation in LBPP LIA, 2006)
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Rabu, 04 Januari 2012

Algoritma JST ART 2

Pada permulaan pelatihan, seluruh unit aktivasi di-nol-kan. Sinyal input s = (s1, … , si, …, sn) dikirim ke jaringan.
Siklus komputasi di dalam lapis F1 dapat dimulai dengan komputasi unit aktivasi Ui (normalisasi dari unit Vi). Kemudian sinyal Ui dikirim ke unit terhubung Wi dan Pi. Aktivasi unit Wi dan Pi lalu dilakukan. Unit Wi menjumlahkan sinyal yang diterima dari Ui dengan input sinyal si. Pi menjumlahkan sinyal dari Ui dengan sinyal atas-bawah yang diterima ketika ada unit F2 aktif. Aktivasi Xi dan Qi merupakan hasil normalisasi sinyal Wi dan Pi. Fungsi aktivasi dilakukan pada tiap-tiap unit sebelum sinyal dikirim ke Vi. Kemudian, Vi menjumlahkan sinyal yang diterima dari Xi dan Qi; Satu siklus lapis F1 telah berhasil dilakukan.
Fungsi aktivasi f(x) menekan sinyal di bawah threshold theta dengan cara me-nol-kan sinyal tersebut sementara nilai sinyal di atas threshold theta dibiarkan. Nilai theta ditentukan oleh user. Penekan derau membantu jaringan untuk mencapai keseimbangan. Jaringan dikatakan stabil ketika unit cluster pertama yang dipilih untuk setiap pola masukan diterima dan tidak terjadi reset. Pada pembelajaran lambat, vektor bobot untuk unit cluster akan digunakan untuk menstabilkan nilai. Fungsi ini berguna agar aktivasi unit U dan P mencapai equilibrium setelah dilakukan dua kali update lapis F1.
Setelah aktivasi unit-unit F1 mencapai equilibrium, unit-unit P mengirimkan sinyal ke lapis F2 untuk menentukan kandidat unit cluster dalam mempelajari pola masukan pada kompetisi winner take all. (Ini tidak penting seberapa cepat kompetisi mengambil peran pada iterasi dalam lapis F1, semenjak aktivasi pada unit U dan P tidak akan berubah hingga sinyal atas-bawah dari pemenang unit F2 diterima unit F2).
Unit U dan P di dalam lapis F1 juga mengirim sinyal ke unit yang berhubungan reset R. Mekanisme reset dapat memeriksa kondisi reset setiap kali menerima sinyal dari P, semenjak kompetisi penting ditentukan oleh sinyal tersebut dengan sinyal unit Ri sebelumnya ketika diterima dari Ui. Namun, hal ini hanya bisa dilakukan ketika Pi menerima sinyal atas-bawah terlebih dahulu, mengingat nilai parameter dipilih sehingga tidak terjadi reset jika tidak ada F2 yang aktif atau setelah proses belajar dimulai.
Setelah kondise reset diperiksa, kandidat unit cluster akan ditolak karena tidak cukup sama dengan pola masukan atau dapat diterima. Jika unit cluster ditolak, hal ini akan menjadi larangan, dan unit cluster dengan nilai masukan jaringan terbesar akan dipilih sebagai kandidat. Proses ini berlanjut hingga unit cluster dipilih. Ketika kandidat cluster dipilih yang melewati kondisi reset, pembelajaran akan terjadi.
Pada pembelajaran lambat, hanya satu kali iterasi dari persamaan update bobot terjadi dalam setiap pelatihan. Jumlah pola masukan yang besar dibutuhkan, tetapi komputasi kecil dilakukan tiap pelatihan. Untuk lebih mudahnya, hal yang berulang ini diperlakukan sebagai epoch pada algoritma. Namun, tak ada syarat pola diperlakukan dalam urutan yang sama atau pola yang tepat sama setiap satu siklus yang terjadi.
Pada pembelajaran cepat, perubahan bobot berlanjut hingga bobot mencapai equilibrium pada setiap pelatihan. Hanya dibutuhkan epoch yang kecil, tetapi jumlah iterasi yang besar melalui bagian update-bobot-F1 tiap kali pelatihan pembelajaran dilakukan. Pada pembelajaran ini, penggantian cluster akan stabil (tidak terjadi reset), tetapi bobot akan berubah tiap kali pola dimasukkan.

sumber: Fundamental of Neural Networks: Architectures, Algorithms, and Applications - Laurene Fausett
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